* CAUSING SOMEBODY OR SOMETHING TO HAVE OR RECEIVE 给予
[Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb cause sb to receive, hold, have or own sth 给某人某物: I gave each of the boys an apple. 我给男孩每人一个苹果. * I gave an apple to each of the boys. 我给每个男孩一个苹果. * Each of the boys was given an apple. 给了每个男孩一个苹果. * An apple was given to each of the boys. 每个男孩都得到一个苹果. * She gave her mother the tickets/gave the tickets to her mother to look after. 她把票交给母亲保管. * Can I give you (ie Would you like) another slice of cake? 要不要再来一块蛋糕? * She was given a new heart (ie had a heart transplant) in an eight-hour operation. 经八小时的手术给她移植了一颗新的心脏. * He gave the old lady his arm (ie allowed the old lady to lean on his arm) as they crossed the road. 他让老太太挽着他的胳膊过马路. * I've just been given a 2000 pay rise. 我刚获得2000英镑的加薪. 
(a) [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb cause sb to have sth as a present 送给某人某礼物: What are you giving (to) your brother for his birthday? 你弟弟生日你打算送他什麽? * I'm giving all my friends books for Christmas. 我在圣诞节要向所有的朋友赠书. * Have you given the waiter a tip? 你给侍者小费了吗? (b) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) to sth contribute (money) to sth, esp a charity 捐赠（钱财）（尤指给慈善事业）: Handicapped children need your help please give generously. 残疾儿童需要您的帮助--请慷慨解囊. * Please give generously to famine relief. 请为饥荒账款慷慨捐赠. * Many people regularly give money to charity. 很多人经常为慈善事业捐款. 
[Dn.n] allow (sb/sth) to have sth 允许（某人[某事物]）有某事物: They gave me a week to make up my mind. 他们允许我有一周的时间作决定. * (infml 口) I give their marriage six months at the very most. ie I think that it will last only six months. 我认为他们的婚姻顶多能维持半年. * She wishes that she'd been given the chance to go to university. 她想以前要是有机会上大学就好了. * She wants a job that gives her more responsibility. 她想得到一份责任更大的工作. * What gives you the right to tell me what to do? 你有什麽权力指使我做事? 
[Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ (sb) sth for sth pay (the specified amount of money) to (sb) in order to have sth 付给（某人）（某钱数）购买某物: Do you mean to tell me you gave 1500 for that pile of scrap metal! 难道说你花了1500英镑买了那堆破铜烂铁! * How much will you give me for my old car? 你肯出多少钱买我那辆旧车? 
[Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) cause (sb) to have sth; provide or supply (sb) with sth 使（某人）有某事物; 供给或供应（某人）某事物: The sun gives (us) warmth and light. 太阳供给我们光和热. * You may be called to give evidence at the trial. 法庭可能传你去作证. * She gives private lessons to supplement her income. 她给私人授课以贴补收入. * She gave me a lift as far as the station. 她让我坐她的车顺便送我到车站. * He gives the impression of not caring a damn. 他给人的印象是满不在乎. * Could you give me your honest opinion of the book? 你对这书有何意见可否直率提出? * What gave you the idea that I didn't like you? 你怎麽以为我不喜欢你呢? * They gave the name Roland to their first child. 他们给自己的第一个孩子起名为罗兰. 
[Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb/sth devote (time, thought, etc) to sb/sth 将（时间﹑ 思想等）用於某人[某事物]: I've given the matter a lot of thought/given a lot of thought to the matter. 我对这事已反覆思考过. * The government should give top priority to rebuilding the inner cities. 政府应该优先重建城内旧中心区.* CAUSING SOMEBODY TO SUFFER 使遭受
[Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb cause sb to undergo (the specified punishment, esp a period of time in prison) 使某人承受（某种惩罚, 尤指监禁）: The judge gave him a nine-month suspended sentence. 法官判处他9个月监禁, 缓期执行. * The headmaster gave the boys a scolding. 校长训斥了那些男生. 
[Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb infect sb with (an illness) 传染给某人（疾病）: You've given me your cold/given your cold to me. 你把感冒传染给我了.* COMMUNICATING 传达
[Dn.n] (used in the imperative 用於祈使句) offer (sth) to sb as an excuse or explanation 向某人提出（某事）作为藉口或解释: Don't give me that rubbish about having a headache; I know you don't want to go to the party. 别跟我扯什麽头痛来当藉口, 我知道你不想赴会. 
[Dn.n] make (a telephone call) to sb 给某人打（电话）: I'll give you a ring tomorrow. 明天我给你打电话. 
[Dn.n] admit the truth of (sth) to sb; grant 向某人承认（某事）属实; 同意: This government has a good record on inflation, I give you that, but what is it doing about unemployment? 政府抑制通胀有方, 此话不假, 可是对失业问题又怎麽处理呢?* PERFORMING OR PROVIDING 表现﹑ 表演或举办
[Tn] perform or present (a play, concert, etc) in public 表演或演出（戏剧﹑ 音乐会等）: give a poetry reading, a song recital, etc 表演诗朗诵﹑ 举行独唱会 * How many performances of the play are you giving? 这剧你们要演多少场? * The play was given its first performance in June 1923. 这剧於19236月首次公演. * The Prime Minister will be giving a press conference tomorrow morning. 首相明日上午举行记者招待会. 
[Tn] provide (a meal, party, etc) as a host 作东道主举办（宴会﹑ 聚会等）: I'm giving a dinner party next Friday evening; would you like to come? 下星期五晚上我举行宴会, 您肯赏光吗? 
[Tn] carry out or perform (an action) 做（某动作）: She gave a shrug of her shoulders. 她耸了耸肩膀. * He gave a start and woke up suddenly. 他突然惊醒. 
[Dn.n] perform (the specified action) on (sb/sth) 对（某人[某物]）施（某动作）: give sb a kick, push, shove, etc 踢某人一脚﹑ 推某人一把﹑ 挤某人一下 * give sb a punch on the nose 在某人鼻子上打一拳 * She gave him a kiss. 她吻了他一下. * Do give your shoes a polish before you go out. 出门前把皮鞋擦亮.* UTTERING OR DECLARING 出声或宣布
[Tn] utter (the specified sound) 发出（某声音）: give a groan, laugh, sigh, yell, etc 发出一声呻吟﹑ 笑一笑﹑ 叹一口气﹑ 大喊一声 * He gave a strangled cry and fell to the floor. 他发出一声受扼的叫喊, 随即倒在地板上. 
[Dn.n] (used in the imperative 用於祈使句) ask (people) to drink a toast to (sb) 请（大家）为（某人）乾杯: Ladies and gentlemen, I give you his Royal Highness, the Prince of Wales. 女士们, 先生们, 请为威尔士亲王殿下乾杯. 
[Cn.a] (esp of a referee, an umpire, etc in sport) declare that (sb/sth) is in the specified condition or position （尤指体育运动的裁判等）宣布, 判: The umpire gave the batsman out (leg before wicket). 裁判裁定击球员（用腿截球违例）出局.* OTHER MEANINGS 其他意义
[Dn.n] produce (the specified feeling) in (sb) 使（某人）产生（某感觉）: All that heavy lifting has given me a pain in the back. 我一直抬那些重东西, 现在腰都痛了. * Why don't you go for a walk? It'll give you an appetite for your lunch. 你怎麽不出去散散步? 散散步午饭时就有食慾了. 
[I] bend or stretch under pressure 在压力下弯曲或伸长: The branch began to give under his weight. 他身体的重量把树枝压弯了. * (fig 比喻) Unless one side gives, the strike could go on until Christmas. 除非有一方让步, 否则罢工很可能继续到圣诞节. 
(combines with a n in many fixed expressions, where give and the n together have the same meaning as a v related in form to the n 与名词结合构成give + n形式的许多固定词组, 具有与该名词相应的动词同样的词义, 如 give sb a surprise = surprise sb): Let me give you a piece of advice, ie advise you. 我给你提个建议吧. * Her acting has given pleasure to (ie pleased) millions (of people). 她的表演给千百万人带来娱乐享受. * The news gave us rather a shock, ie rather shocked us. 这消息使我们颇为震惊. * I trust that you can give an explanation for (ie explain) your extraordinary behaviour? 我认为你一定能对自己的不寻常行为作出解释吧? * We will give you all the help (ie help you in every way) we can. 我们一定尽力帮助你. (For other similar expressions, see entries for the ns 其他类似固定词组见有关名词词条, 如 give one's approval to sth => approval; give one's permission => permission.)
(idm 习语) sb doesn't/couldn't give a damn, a hoot, etc (about sb/sth) (infml 口) sb does not care at all (about sb/sth) 某人（对某人[某事物]）满不在乎, 无所谓: He couldn't give a damn whether he passes the exam or not. 他对考试及格与否满不在乎. ,give and`take be mutually tolerant and forgiving within a relationship 相互容让: For a marriage to succeed, both partners must learn to give and take. 要使婚姻美满, 双方必须懂得互相迁就. `give it to sb (infml 口) attack, criticize or rebuke sb severely 猛烈攻击﹑ 批评或驳斥某人: The boss will really give it to you if you miss the deadline for the job. 要是到期完不成工作, 老板就要给你点厉害. give me sth/sb (infml 口) (used to show that one prefers the thing or person specified to sth/sb mentioned previously 用以表示宁取某事物或某人, 而不取先提及的某事物[某人]): I can't stand modern music; give me Bach and Mozart every time! ie I shall always prefer Bach and Mozart. 我受不了现代音乐, 还是喜欢巴赫和莫扎特的作品! give or take sth the specified amount, time, etc more or less （数量﹑ 时间等）或多或少: `How long will it take us to get to Oxford?' `About an hour and a half, give or take a few minutes.' ‘到牛津要多久?’‘大约一个半小时, 上下差不了几分钟.’ give sb to believe/understand (that)... (often passive 常用於被动语态); (fml 文) cause sb to believe/understand sth 使某人相信[明白]某事物: I was given to understand that she was ill. 我获悉她生病了. What `gives? (infml 口) What is happening? 出什麽事了? (For other idioms containing give, see entries for ns, adjs, etc 与give搭配的其他习语见有关名词﹑ 形容词等的词条, 如 give ground => ground1; give rise to sth => rise1.)
(phr v) give sb away (in a marriage ceremony) lead the bride to the bridegroom and `give' her to him （婚礼中）将新娘交与新郎: The bride was given away by her father. 由父亲把新娘交与新郎. give sth away (a) give sth free of charge 免费送出某物; 赠送: He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业了. * (infml 口) These watches are only a pound each; we're almost giving them away! 这些手表每块只卖一英镑, 我们差不多等於白送! (b) distribute or present sth 分发或赠与某物: The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. 市长在学校运动会上颁发奖品. (c) not use or take (a chance, an opportunity, etc) through carelessness 由於大意而未利用或抓住（时机﹑ 机会等）: They gave away their last chance of winning the match. 他们坐失赢得比赛的最後机会. give sth/sb away reveal sth/sb intentionally or unintentionally; betray sth/sb 有意或无意地泄露某事物或出卖某人: She gave away state secrets to the enemy. 她将国家机密泄露给敌人了. * His broad Liverpool accent gave him away, ie revealed who he really was. 他那很重的利物浦口音把他自己暴露了.give sb back sth; give sth back (to sb) (a) return sth to its owner 将某事物归还原主: Could you give me back my pen/give me my pen back? 你把我那枝笔还给我好吗? (b) allow sb to have or enjoy sth again 使某人恢复或享受某事物: The operation gave him back the use of his legs. 他手术後双腿恢复了功能.
give sth for sth exchange or sacrifice (much) for sth 交换某事物; （多）作出牺牲以换取某事物: I`d give a lot for the chance to go to India. 我宁可多作牺牲也要争取到去印度的机会.
give sth forth (fml or joc 文或谑) produce or emit sth 产生或发出某物: The engine gave forth a grinding noise, then stopped. 发动机发出一阵轧轧声, 随即停了下来.
give sth in hand over sth to sb who is authorized to receive it 将某事物呈交给某人: Please give your examination papers in (to the teacher) when you've finished. 考卷答完後请上交（给老师）. give `in (to sb/sth) allow oneself to be defeated or overcome (by sb/sth) （向某人[某事物]）屈服, 让步, 投降: The rebels were forced to give in. 叛乱者被迫投降. * She's a gutsy player, she never gives in. 她是个勇敢的选手, 从不屈服. * The authorities showed no signs of giving in to the kidnapper's demands. 当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象.
give sth off send out or emit sth 送出或发出某物: The cooker is giving off a funny smell. 锅里冒出一股怪味. * This fire doesn't seem to be giving off much heat. 这炉火好像不大热.
give on to sth have a view of sth; lead directly to sth 有某物的景致; 朝向某物: The bedroom windows give on to the street. 卧室的窗户面向街道. * This door gives on to the hall. 这门是通往大堂的.
give `out (a) come to an end; be exhausted 用完; 消耗尽; 精疲力竭: After a month their food supplies gave out. 过了一个月, 他们的食物已消耗殆尽. * Her patience finally gave out. 她终於失去了耐性. (b) (of an engine, a motor, etc) stop working; break down （指发动机等）停止运转, 停机, 出故障: One of the plane's engines gave out in mid-Atlantic. 飞机在大西洋中部飞行时, 其中一个发动机出了故障. give sth out (a) distribute or hand out sth 分发或散发某物: The teacher gave out the examination papers. 教师发了考卷. (b) send out or emit sth 送出或发出某物: The radiator is giving out a lot of heat. 散热器释放出很多热量. (c) (often passive 常用於被动语态) announce or broadcast sth 宣布或广播某事: The news of the President's death was given out in a radio broadcast. 总统逝世的消息已在电台上播出了. * It was given out that the President had been shot. 据称总统受到枪击.
give over (doing sth) (infml 口) (used esp in the imperative or with a verb in the -ing form 尤用於祈使句或与动词ing形式连用) stop doing sth 停止做某事: Give over, can't you? I can't work with you chattering away like that. 到此为止吧, 行吗? 你这样聊下去我就没法工作了. * Give over complaining! 别发牢骚了! give oneself over to sth sink into (the specified state); devote oneself completely to sth 沉溺於（某种状态）; 完全献身於某事物: After his wife's death, he seemed to give himself over to despair. 他妻子死後, 似乎万念俱灰. * In her later years she gave herself over to writing full-time. 她晚年专事写作. give sth over to sth (usu passive 通常用於被动语态) use sth specifically for sth 专为某事而使用某物: The village hall is given over to civic functions and meetings. 村子的礼堂专作举行庆典和会议之用. * The period after supper was given over to games. 晚饭後是游戏时间.
give `up abandon an attempt to do sth 放弃做某事的尝试: They gave up without a fight. 他们不战而降. * She doesn't give up easily. 她做任何事都不轻易放弃. * I give up; tell me what the answer is. 我认输, 告诉我答案吧. give sb up (a) no longer hope for or expect the arrival or recovery of sb 对某人的到来﹑ 康复或寻回不再抱希望或不再期待: There you are at last! We'd given you up. 你终於来了! 我们还以为你不来呢! * The doctors had given her up but she made a remarkable recovery. 医生们已放弃了治愈她的希望, 而她却恢复得很好. (b) stop having a relationship with sb 与某人断绝关系: Why don't you give him up? 你怎麽不和他一刀两断呢? give sth up stop doing or having sth; renounce sth 停止做某事; 放弃持有某物; 宣布放弃某事物: You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year. 你应该戒烟, 我去年就戒掉了. * She didn't give up her job when she got married. 她未因结婚而放弃工作. give oneself/sb up (to sb) no longer avoid or protect oneself/sb from being captured; surrender 投案; 自首; 出首; 投降: After a week on the run he gave himself up (to the police). 他经过一周的逃亡以後（向警方）投案了. give sth up (to sb) hand sth over to sb else 将某物交与他人: He had to give his passport up to the authorities. 他得把护照交给当局. * He gave up his seat to a pregnant woman, ie stood up to allow her to sit down. 他把座位让给一个孕妇. give up on sb (infml 口) no longer believe that sb is going to be successful; lose hope in sb 不再相信某人会成功; 对某人失望.
# `give-away n (infml 口)
1 thing that is given to sb without charge 赠品.
2 look, remark, etc that unintentionally reveals a secret 无意中泄露秘密的表情﹑ 言语等: The expression on her face was a (dead) give-away. 她脸上的表情（完全）暴露了她的秘密.