(a) [U] system of government through departments managed by State officials, not by elected representatives 官僚制度; 官僚体制. (b) [C] country having such a system 实行官僚制度的国家. (c) [CGp] officials appointed to manage such a system, as a group 官僚（总称）. 
[U] excessive or complicated official routine, esp because of too many departments and offices 官僚作风.